LaTeX Equations¶
Quick Links
Overview¶
LaTex’s greatest strength over other typesetting systems is its ability to efficiently and cleanly handle the insertion of high-quality equations into documents. This can be done rather easily using the equation environment.
Inline Equation¶
LaTeX's strength is once again displayed here ($a_1^2 + b_1^2 = c_1^2$) when trying to insert an equation
inline with existing body text. This is done by enclosing the inline equation with a \$.
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Creating Matrices¶
\begin{equation}
\begin{matrix}
a_{11} & a_{12} & a_{13} \\
a_{21} & a_{22} & a_{23} \\
a_{31} & a_{32} & a_{33} \\
\end{matrix}
\end{equation}
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\begin{equation}
\begin{Bmatrix}
a_{11} & a_{12} & a_{13} \\
a_{21} & a_{22} & a_{23} \\
a_{31} & a_{32} & a_{33} \\
\end{Bmatrix}
\end{equation}
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\begin{equation}
\begin{bmatrix}
a_{11} & a_{12} & a_{13} \\
a_{21} & a_{22} & a_{23} \\
a_{31} & a_{32} & a_{33} \\
\end{bmatrix}
\end{equation}
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\begin{equation}
\begin{vmatrix}
a_{11} & a_{12} & a_{13} \\
a_{21} & a_{22} & a_{23} \\
a_{31} & a_{32} & a_{33} \\
\end{vmatrix}
\end{equation}
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\begin{equation}
\begin{Vmatrix}
a_{11} & a_{12} & a_{13} \\
a_{21} & a_{22} & a_{23} \\
a_{31} & a_{32} & a_{33} \\
\end{Vmatrix}
\end{equation}
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\begin{equation}
\begin{pmatrix}
a_{11} & a_{12} & a_{13} \\
a_{21} & a_{22} & a_{23} \\
a_{31} & a_{32} & a_{33} \\
\end{pmatrix}
\end{equation}
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\begin{equation}
\begin{smallmatrix}
a_{11} & a_{12} & a_{13} \\
a_{21} & a_{22} & a_{23} \\
a_{31} & a_{32} & a_{33} \\
\end{smallmatrix}
\end{equation}
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Aligning Multiple Equations¶
Multiple equations may be aligned using the split
environment where the &
symbol is used to define where the alignment is to take place. This can be very useful for proofs and stepping through derivations.
\begin{equation}
\begin{split}
a^2 + b^2 &= c^2 \\
a^2 &= c^2 - b^2\\
a &= \sqrt{c^2 - b^2}\\
\end{split}
\end{equation}
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Referencing Equations¶
The example below highlights how the \label
command is used to define a unique label to this specific equation and how it can be referenced within the text of the document using the \ref
command.
\begin{equation}
\label{eq:pythagorean}
a_1^2 + b_1^2 = c_1^2
\end{equation}
An example table can be seen in \ref{eq:pythagorean}.
Also note how the "Equation" prefix is automatically added within the document text whenever the reference is called.
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Referencing Range of Equations¶
The example below highlights how the \refrange
command can be used to reference a range of equations.
\begin{equation}
\label{eq:pythagorean}
a_1^2 + b_1^2 = c_1^2
\end{equation}
\begin{equation}
\label{eq:integral}
f(x) = \int^a_b \frac{1}{3}x^3
\end{equation}
\begin{equation}
\label{eq:einstein}
E = mc^2
\end{equation}
We can reference a range of tables as seen here: \refrange{eq:pythagorean}{eq:einstein}.
Also note how the "Equations" prefix is automatically added within the document text whenever the range reference is called.
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